电梯的分类方式

电梯的分类方式

Classification of elevators

电梯是指动力驱动，利用沿刚性导轨运行的箱体或者沿固定线路运行的梯级（踏步），进行升降或者平行运送人、货物的机电设备，包括载人（货）电梯、自动扶梯、自动人行道等。那么电梯的分类方式有哪些？贵州电梯厂家为您详细介绍一下。

Elevator refers to the power drive, the use of rigid box running box or along the fixed line running step (step), to lift or parallel transport of human and cargo mechanical and electrical equipment, including manned (cargo) elevator, escalator, automatic sidewalk and so on. So what are the classifications of elevators? Guizhou elevator manufacturers give you a detailed introduction.

电梯作为一种通用垂直运输机械，被广泛用于不同的场合，其控制、拖动、驱动方式也多种多样，因此电梯的分类方法也有下列几种。

As a general vertical transport machinery, elevators are widely used in different occasions. Their control, drag and drive modes are varied. Therefore, there are several classifications of elevators.

一、普通分类

One, general classification

1. 乘客电梯。

1. passenger elevator.

2. 载货电梯。

2. cargo elevator.

３.客货两用电梯。

3. passenger and freight dual use elevator.

3. 病床电梯。

3. sickbed elevator.

５.杂物电梯。

5. clutter elevator.

这是一种常用的分类方法，但由于电梯有一定的通用性，所以按用途分类在使用中用得较多。但实际标准不很明确。其他特种用途的电梯还有汽车电梯，船舶电梯等。

This is a common classification method, but because the elevator has a certain generality, so the use of classification is more used in the use. But the actual standard is not very clear. Other special use elevators also have car elevators, ship elevators and so on.

二、按速度分类

Two. Classification by speed

电梯的额定运行速度正在逐步提高，因此按速度分类的国家标准正待颁布。目前的习惯划分为：

The rated operating speed of the elevator is gradually increasing, so the national standard which is classified according to speed is being issued. The current habits are divided into:

１.低速电梯

1. low speed elevator

这种电梯额定速度≤０.７５ｍ／ｓ。

This elevator rated speed of more than 0.75m / s.

２．中速电梯

2. medium speed elevator

这种电梯额定速度≥１ｍ／ｓ～２.５ｍ／ｓ。

This elevator rated speed is greater than or equal to 1m / S ~ 2.5m / s.

３．高速电梯

3. high speed elevator

这种电梯额定速度＞２.５ｍ／ｓ～４ｍ／ｓ。

The rated speed of this kind of elevator is > 2.5m / S ~ 4m / S.

４．超高速电梯

4. super high speed elevator

这种电梯额定速度＞４ｍ／ｓ。

The rated speed of this kind of elevator is > 4m / S.

三、按拖动电动机类型分类

Three. Classification according to the type of dragging motor

１.交流电梯

1. AC elevator

采用交流电动机拖动的电梯。其中又可分为单、双速拖动，采用改变电动机极对数的方法调速。调压拖动，通过改变电动机电源电压的方法调速。调频调压拖动，采取同时改变电动机电源电压和频率的方法调速。

An elevator with AC motor dragging. It can also be divided into single and double speed dragging, using the method of changing the pole logarithm of the motor to adjust speed. Adjust the voltage and drag by changing the power supply voltage of the motor. FM voltage regulation and drag, and change the power supply voltage and frequency of the motor at the same time.

２.直流电梯

2. direct current elevator

这是一种采用直流电动机拖动的电梯。由于其调速方便，加减速特性好，曾被广泛采用随着电子技术的发展，直流拖动正被节省能源的交流调速拖动代替。

This is a kind of elevator which is dragged by a DC motor. Because of its convenient speed regulation and good acceleration and deceleration characteristics, it has been widely used. With the development of electronic technology, DC drive is being replaced by AC speed regulation drive with energy saving.

四、按驱动方式分类

Four. Classification by drive

１.钢丝绳驱动式电梯

1. wire rope driven elevator

它可分成两种不同的型式，一种是被广泛采用的摩擦曳引式。另一种是卷筒强制式。前一种安全性和可靠性都较好，后一种的缺点较多，已很少采用。

It can be divided into two different types, one is widely used in friction traction. The other is the drum force. The former is safe and reliable, and the latter has many shortcomings and has been rarely used.

２.液压驱动式电梯

2 hydraulic drive type elevator

这种驱动式电梯历史较长，它可分为柱塞直顶式和柱塞侧置式。优点是机房设置部位较为灵活，运行平稳，采用直顶式时不用轿厢安全钳及底坑地面的强度可大大减小，顶层高度限制较宽。但其工作高度受柱塞长度限制，运行高度较低。在采用液压油作为工作介质时，还须充分考虑防火安全的要求。

This type of driving elevator has a long history, and it can be divided into plunger straight top and plunger side placement. The advantage is that the location of the engine room is flexible and stable. When using the straight top type, the strength of the car safety clamp and the bottom pit can be greatly reduced, and the height of the top floor is limited. But the work height is limited by the length of the plunger, and the running height is low. When the hydraulic oil is used as the working medium, the requirements of fire safety must be taken into full consideration.

３.齿轮齿条驱动式电梯

3. gear and rack driven elevator

它通过两对齿轮齿条的啮合来运行；运行振动、噪声较大。这种型式一般不需设置机房，由轿厢自备动力机构，控制简单，适用于流动性较大的建筑工地。目前已划入建筑升降机类。

It runs through the meshing of two pairs of gear and rack; it operates in vibration and noise. In general, it does not need to set up the machine room. It is equipped with a car's own power mechanism. It is easy to control and is suitable for the construction site with large fluidity. At present, it has been classified as building elevator.

４.链条链轮驱动式电梯

4. chain sprocket driven elevator

这是一种强制驱动型式，因链条自重较大，所以提升高度不能过高，运行速度也因链条链轮传动性能局限而较低。但它在用于企业升降物料的作业中，有着传动可靠，维护方便，坚固耐用的优点。

This is a type of forced driving. Because the weight of the chain is large, the lifting height can not be too high, and the running speed is also limited due to the limited performance of the chain sprocket transmission. But it has the advantages of reliable transmission, convenient maintenance and durable and durable in the operation of the lifting material for enterprises.

其他驱动方式还有气压式，直线电机直接驱动，螺旋驱动等。

Other driving modes are air pressure, direct drive of linear motor, spiral drive and so on.

五、按控制方式分类

Five. Classification by control

目前贵州电梯技术的发展使电梯控制日趋完善，操作趋于简单，功能趋于多样，控制方式正向广泛应用微电子新技术的方向发展。目前常见的控制方式有：微机集选控制（按钮操纵）；门微机并联、梯群控制（按钮操纵）；继电器信号控制和手柄控制（手柄或按钮操纵）。

At present, the development of Guizhou elevator technology makes elevator control more and more perfect. Operation tends to be simple and function tends to be diverse. Control mode is developing widely in the direction of new technology of microelectronics. At present, the common control methods are microcomputer centralized control (button operation), gate microcomputer parallel connection, ladder group control (button operation), relay signal control and handle control (handle or button operation).